Executive Summary
E.1 Introduction: Smart-Grid Storage and Materials Opportunities
E.1.1 Overview of Smart Grid and Role of Energy Storage
E.1.2 Current Energy Storage Options
E.2 Opportunities for Materials Producers
E.3 Key Firms to Watch in the Smart-Grid Energy Storage Landscape
E.3.1 Lead Acid-Based Energy Storage Companies
E.3.2 Lead Carbon-Based Energy Storage Companies
E.3.3 Sodium Sulfur-Based Energy Storage Companies
E.3.4 Flow Battery Based Energy Storage Companies
E.3.5 Supercapacitor-Based Energy Storage Companies
E.4 Summary of Forecasts
Chapter One: Introduction
1.1 Background to This Report
1.1.1 Quick Tour of Opportunities in Smart Grid Storage
1.1.2 Near-Term Applications for Chemical Storage on the Smart Grid
1.1.3 Future Advantages of Chemical Storage on the Smart Grid
1.2 Objective and Scope of this Report
1.3 Methodology of this Report
1.4 Plan of this Report
Chapter Two: Materials and Technology for Smart-Grid Storage
2.1 Introduction: Crucial Need for Advanced Storage Solutions
2.1.1 Overview of the Smart Grid
2.1.2 Why We Need Smart-Grid Storage
2.1.3 Smart-Grid Storage Options: Batteries and Supercapacitors
2.1.4 Materials Opportunities in Smart-Grid Storage
2.1.5 Terms and Definitions
2.2 Traditional Grid Storage Solutions
2.2.1 Lead Acid and Advanced Lead Acid Batteries
2.2.2 Metal Hydride Batteries
2.2.3 Sodium Sulfur Batteries
2.3 Advanced Grid Storage Solutions
2.3.1 Vanadium Redox and Other Redox Flow Battery Systems
2.3.2 Zinc Bromine and Other Hybrid Flow Battery Systems
2.3.3 Lithium-Ion Batteries
2.3.4 Liquid Metal Batteries
2.3.5 Ultrabatteries
2.3.6 Chemical Storage Materials Roadmap
2.4 Supercapacitors and the Smart Grid
2.4.1 Supercapacitors: Current Technologies and Applications
2.4.2 Supercapacitor Applications in a Smart Grid
2.4.3 Supercapacitor Materials Roadmap
2.5 Key Points in this Chapter
Chapter Three: Company Profiles
3.1 Advanced Lead-Acid Companies
3.1.1 Exide Technologies
3.1.2 EnerSys
3.1.3 C&D Technologies
3.1.4 Ultralife Batteries
3.1.5 Axion Power International
3.1.6 Varta
3.1.7 Firefly Energy
3.2 Advanced Lithium Ion Battery Companies
3.2.1 Altair Nanotechnologies
3.2.2 Ener1
3.2.3 Valence Technologies
3.2.4 The Saft Group
3.2.5 A123 Systems
3.2.6 Boston Power
3.2.7 Nexeon
3.2.8 Imara
3.2.9 Sanyo/Panasonic
3.2.10 Hitachi Maxell
3.2.11 Johnson Controls/Saft Advanced Power Solutions
3.2.12 Kyushu Electric Power and Mitsubishi Heavy Industries
3.3 Sodium Sulfur Battery Companies
3.3.1 NGK insulators Ltd/Tokyo Electric Power (TEPCO)
3.3.2 GeoBattery
3.4 Zinc Bromide Battery Companies
3.4.1 ZBB Energy
3.4.2 Premium Power Corp.
3.5 Vanadium Redox Based Battery Companies
3.5.1 Prudent Energy (Formerly VRB Power, Formerly, Pinnacle VRB)
3.5.2 V-Fuel Pty Ltd.
3.5.3 Sumitomo Electric Industries
3.5.4 Cellennium Limited
3.5.5 RE-Fuel Technology
3.5.6 Cellstrom GmbH
3.5.7 Deeya Energy
3.6 Others Battery Companies
3.6.1 Cobasys (Metal Hydride)
3.6.2 ReVolt (Zinc Air)
3.6.3 Liquid Metal Batteries (MIT)
3.6.4 Organic Acid Based Flow Batteries (Plurion)
3.7 Supercapacitor Companies
3.7.1 Maxwell Technologies
3.7.2 Siemens
3.7.3 EPCOS (Exited the Business in 2006) Licensed Maxwell Technology
3.7.4 NEC/Tokin
3.7.5 Panasonic/Matsushita
3.7.6 Elna/Asahi Glass
3.7.7 ESMA
3.7.8 EEStor
3.7.9 EnerG2
3.7.10 APowerCap Technologies
3.7.11 BatScap
3.7.12 Elit
3.7.13 CAP-XX
3.7.14 Nippon Chemi-Con
3.7.15 Nesscap
Chapter Four: Eight-Year Forecasts
4.1 Forecasting Methodology
4.1.1 Data Sources
4.1.2 Clean Power Mandates that Drive Demand for Grid Storage
4.1.3 Roadmap for Smart-Grid Storage
4.1.4 Some Notes on Pricing
4.2 Eight-Year Materials Forecasts: Batteries and Supercapacitors
4.2.1 Chemical Storage Technologies
4.2.2 Supercapacitor Storage Technologies
Acronyms and Abbreviations Used in this Report
About the Author
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