Table 1: Main mobile frequency bands and usage by technology . 13
Table 2: Expected impact of new radio technologies. 23
Table 3: Spectrum efficiency and data rate per sector. 24
Table 4: Technological comparison of mobile broadband technologies 26
Table 5: Potential for wide radio channels in different frequency bands 27
Table 6: Possible UE RF architectures for LTE-Advanced resource aggregation . 29
Table 7: Data rates for HSPA and LTE technologies. 30
Table 8: LTE-Advanced performances 30
Table 9: FCC wireless broadband spectrum allocation plan 2010. 39
Table 10: Broadcast - Analogue switch-off timetables . 42
Table 11: Digital Dividend timetable in Europe (July 2011) . 44
Table 12: Digital Dividend timetable outside Europe . 48
Table 13: Spectrum refarming in Europe . 51
Table 14: 900 MHz band use for 3G – August 2011 54
Table 15: State of LTE 1800 deployments and trials (as of July 2011) 56
Table 16: Technical aspects associated to LTE 1800 58
Table 17: Regulatory conditions associated to LTE 1800 59
Table 18: Network capacity units . 63
Table 19: Predicted spectrum requirements by the year 2020 for IMT – 2000 and IMT-Advanced 64
Table 20: spectrum needs for WRC-2016 65
Table 21: Main frequency bands for UMTS/HSPA deployment – FDD mode 66
Table 22: Main frequency bands for UMTS/HSPA deployment – TDD mode 67
Table 23: WiMAX frequency bands 67
Table 24: Main mobile frequency bands and usage by technology . 68
Table 25: Main LTE frequency bands by geographical area 69
Table 26: Early LTE launches (June 2011) 69
Table 27: Main characteristics of frequency bands for LTE . 70
Table 28: New 4G spectrum 71
Table 29: Availability dates of LTE spectrum . 71
Table 30: LTE spectrum allocations. 71
Table 31: Most likely bands for LTE international roaming 73
Table 32: Use of frequency bands by LTE device type 73
Table 33: TDD and FDD mode advantages and drawbacks 74
Table 34: Adoption of TD-LTE technology . 76
Table 35: Mobile technologies and spectrum in China 77
Table 36: TDD and FDD spectrum arrangements in the 2.6 GHz band 80
Table 37: 2.6 GHz award date and conditions (July 2011) 82
Table 38: LightSquared and GPS frequency bands. 86
Table 39: LightSquared wholesale deals . 87
Table 40: FDD mobile spectrum availability in Western Europe 90
Table 41: FDD spectrum assets for selected operators (end-2010) 91
Table 42: Mobile spectrum in Germany and in the UK (before German auctions in 2010) 92
Table 43: Mobile spectrum in Germany and in the UK (after German auctions in 2010). 92
Table 44: Options for mobile operators facing congestion and/or coverage difficulties . 93
Table 45: Estimates of LTE spectrum value in Western Europe 99
Table 46: Valuation of 2.6 GHz TDD spectrum (for 10 years) 100
Table 47: Price of 3.5 GHz licences. 101
Table 48: Spectrum caps for FDD spectrum 101
Table 49: US 700 MHz auctions 103
Table 50: Summary of US 700 MHz auctions 104
Table 51: Digital Dividend status in Canada and Latin America 105
Table 52: Planned use of 2.6 GHz band in Latin America . 106
Table 53: 2.3 GHz auction winners 108
Table 54: 3G and 4G frequency bands in China 108
Table 55: Hong Kong 2.6 GHz auction 109
Table 56: Results of the BWA auctions in India . 110
Table 57: Frequency bands for 4G technologies in Japan. 111
Table 58: 2.6 GHz operators in Japan . 112
Table 59: Digital Dividend status in Asia-Pacific 113
Table 60: Results of the 2.6 GHz Austrian auctions 114
Table 61: Timetable for the 2.6 GHz band auction in Belgium. 114
Table 62: Results of the 2.6 GHz Danish auctions 115
Table 63: Finnish 2.6 GHz auctions . 116
Table 64: 3.5 GHz allocation in France 119
Table 65: Final results of the 2010 German auctions 120
Table 66: Spectrum bought by German operators during 2010 spectrum auction. 121
Table 67: Norwegian 2.6 GHz auction results 123
Table 68: The 2011 spectrum auction in Spain. 124
Table 69: Potential reserve price . 125
Table 70: License fee. 125
Table 71: Digital Dividend and 2.6 GHz auctions in Sweden. 127
Table 72: Swedish 2.6 GHz auction results . 128
Table 73: 2.6 GHz auctions in the Netherlands . 130
Table 74: UK LTE spectrum auctions 130
Table 75: Duplex spectrum for mobile operators in the UK . 131
Figure 1: Scenario for a Second Digital Dividend 12
Figure 2: Main trends in spectrum. 16
Figure 3: White spaces database management 18
Figure 4: White spaces in the UHF band 19
Figure 5: White spaces characteristics 19
Figure 6: The hidden terminal issue 20
Figure 7: The Claudville deployment. 21
Figure 8: Identification of available spectrum in the UHF band. 22
Figure 9: FDD and TDD technologies . 24
Figure 10: Options for carrier upgrades to LTE depend on technology deployed. 25
Figure 11: OFDM description 27
Figure 12: Multiple antenna systems. 27
Figure 13: Release 10 LTE-Advanced carrier aggregation . 28
Figure 14: New features in LTE-Advanced . 31
Figure 15: EU radio spectrum decision making. 33
Figure 16: Swedish plan for new mobile spectrum 38
Figure 17: Spectrum dashboard: spectrum availability map . 40
Figure 18: Digital Dividend timetable in Western Europe 45
Figure 19: 800 MHz band arrangements in Europe 46
Figure 20: Digital Dividend in EMEA, Americas and APAC regions 47
Figure 21: Use of 790-862 MHz globally . 47
Figure 22: Scenario for a Second Digital Dividend 49
Figure 23: 900 MHz refarming – coverage issues. 52
Figure 24: Capex and opex reduction using the 900 MHz band . 52
Figure 25: GSM 900 spectrum in selected European countries 53
Figure 26: CSL spectrum holdings in Hong Kong . 57
Figure 27: The 1800 MHz frequency band 57
Figure 28: Site coverage in suburban areas . 58
Figure 29: 1800 MHz spectrum in the United Kingdom. 60
Figure 30: Mobile spectrum in the United Kingdom 60
Figure 31: Mobile traffic usage is getting close to DSL . 62
Figure 32: Average mobile monthly traffic consumption per user observed in 2010. 63
Figure 33: Mobile voice and data traffic 2010-2020 (Yearly EB). 63
Figure 34: Timetable for LTE spectrum in Western Europe 72
Figure 35: FDD and TDD duplex both supported by LTE . 75
Figure 36: Migration paths to TD-LTE. 76
Figure 37: Potential availability of 1.4 GHz band for supplemental downlink on a global basis 78
Figure 38: The CEPT and European band plans for the 2.6 GHz band 80
Figure 39: Proposed FDD arrangement for the 3.4-3.6 GHz band in Europe . 83
Figure 40: Hybrid Terrestrial /satellite wireless network 85
Figure 41: S-Band in Europe. 88
Figure 42: Cumulative spectrum in Western Europe. 91
Figure 43: Selected operator spectrum strategies 92
Figure 44: 2.6 GHz FDD spectrum price . 97
Figure 45: Price of premium spectrum 98
Figure 46: Price of new mobile licences/spectrum 99
Figure 47: 700 MHz spectrum assignment in the USA . 104
Figure 48: Chilean plan for 2.6 GHz band. 106
Figure 49: Digital Dividend in Japan 111
Figure 50: 2.6 GHz band FDD/TDD distribution 114
Figure 51: Digital Dividend in France 118
Figure 52: GSM 900 spectrum in France 119
Figure 53: 2.6 GHz band channels in Italy 121
Figure 54: Swedish plan for new mobile spectrum 126
Figure 55: GSM 900 spectrum in the United Kingdom 132
[Tabellenverzeichnis ausblenden]
